Botany Notes “Important Questions of What is Living” Chapter 1, for Class 12-CBSE

1. Which one of the following group of taxa does not represent similar category in hierarchy?
   1. Potato, brinjal and tomato
   2. Tiger, lion and leopard
   3. Wheat, monocots and angiosperms
   4. Wheat, rice and mango
2. Which one of the following obligate category in taxonomic hierarchy will have maximum number of common characters?
   1. Family
   2. Class
   3. Order
   4. Species
3. Select incorrect match w.r.t. mango
   1. Family – Anacardiaceae
   2. Order – Sapindaceae
   3. Class – Dicotyledonae
   4. Division – Angiospermae
4. Select correct statement
   1. Tomato, dicots and plants represent same taxa at different levels
   2. Species is genetically open system
   3. A breed of tiger and lion is a fertile true species
   4. Biological concept of species is based on reproductive isolation
5. Which of the following taxonomical aid serve as quick referrel systems in taxonomic studies?
   1. Botanical gardens
   2. Museum
   3. Zoological parks
   4. Herbaria
6. Select the odd one out w.r.t. Botanical gardens
   1. Collection of living plants for reference
   2. Indian Botanical garden is at Howrah
   3. It is a method of ex-situ study
   4. Collections of preserved plants and animals specimens
7. Read the following statement s carefully and select correct option
   1. In zoological parks, conditions similar to natural habitats are provided to animals
   2. Key are generally analytical in nature
   3. In herbarium sheet, local names are not mentioned
   4. Taxonomical aids are useful in knowing bioresources
8. Only (a) & (b)
9. (a), (c) & (d)
10. (a), (b) & (d)
11. All of the above
12. Actual account of habitat and distribution of plants of a given area is provided by
    1. Manuals
    2. Catalogues
    3. Monograph
    4. Flora
13. Match column –I with column – II

Column- I                                                        Column – II

1. Museum (i) Information on one taxon
2. Herbaria (ii) Couplet
3. Botanical gardens (iii) Arranged on universally accepted classification
4. Taxonomic key (iv) Educational institutes

                                  (v) Records of local flora for monographic work

1. a(iv), b(iii)c(v), d(ii)
2. a(iii), b(v)c(i), d(ii)
3. a(iv), b(i)c(iii), d(v)
4. a(v), b(iii)c(iv), d(ii)
5. Select the incorrect statement
6. Museums often have collection of skeletons
7. Separate taxonomic keys are required for each taxonomic category
8. Taxonomic keys based on the contrasting characters
9. Monograph is useful in providing information of identifications of names of species found in an area

Important Points 

1. The living world is rich in variety. Millions of plants and animals have been identified and described but a large number still remains unknown.
2. The very range of organisms in terms of size, colour, habitat, physiological and morphological features make us seek the defining characteristics of living organisms.
3. In order to facilitate the study of kinds and diversity of organisms, biologists have evolved certain rules and principles for identification, nomenclature and classification of organisms.
4. The branch of science dealing with these aspects is referred to as taxonomy.
5. The taxonomic studies of various species of plants and animals are useful in agriculture. Forestry, industry and in general for knowing our bio-resources and their diversity.
6. The basics of taxonomy like identification, naming and classification of organisms are universally evolved under international codes.
7. Based on the resemblances and distinct differences, each organism is identified and assigned a correct scientific / biological name comprising two words as per the binomial system of nomenclature.
8. An organism represents / occupies a place or position in the system of classification. There are many categories/ ranks and are generally referred to as taxonomic categories or taxa. All the categories constitute a taxonomic hierarchy.
9. The basis of modern taxonomic studies is : external and internal structure, along with the structure of cell, development process and ecological information of organisms
10. Taxonomists have developed a variety of taxonomic aids to facilitate identification, naming and classification of organisms. These studies are carried out from the actual specimens which are collected from the field and preserved as referrals in the form of herbaria, museums and in botanical gardens and zoological parks. It requires special techniques for collection and preservation of specimens in herbaria and museums.
11. Live specimens, on the other hand, of plants and animals, are found in botanical gardens or in zoological parks.
12. Taxonomists also prepare and disseminate information through manuals and monographs for further taxonomic studies.
13. Taxonomic keys are tools that help in identification based on characteristics.