Project Name : Magnetism and its applications
Theme Name : Transport & Communication
Magnetism: Magnetism is a force of attraction or repulsion between magnets or magnetic materials that acts at a distance (through a magnetic field), and is ultimately due to the movement of electrons.
Types of magnets: Permanent Magnets can be classified into four types based on their
composition:
(i) Neodymium Iron Boron (NdFeB or NIB)
(ii) Samarium Cobalt (SmCo)
(iii) Alnico
(iv) Ceramic or Ferrite
Theme of model: This is a simple model which works on the principle of magnetism. It can be used:
(i) To generate electricity
(ii) To generate mechanical energy
(iii) To pull out water from wells in rural areas
(iv) To power fans or cooling devices in desert areas
(v) To replace some mechanical devices from machines like compressors, etc.
Working: Through this model we are converting the potential energy of a magnet into kinetic energy. Let us consider a two cylindered engine. Now in this Engine, replace the pistons by magnetic pistons(say P1 and P2) such that P1 have North pole facing upwards and P2 having south pole facing upward. Replace the ignition spark, valves by a cylindrical magnets (say M). On attaching this magnet(M) with a pulley which is attached to crank shaft of the engine directly through chain.
Let the piston P1 be at the bottom most edge of the cylinder and piston P2 at the top most edge of the cylinder with the magnet M placed such that it have north pole facing upward and south facing downwards. Now if see, the magnet M will apply force of attraction over magnetic piston P1 andforce of repulsion over magnetic piston P2. This will result in the pulling of piston P1 and pushingof piston P2. As change in the position of pistons, make the crank shaft rotate and crank shaft rotates the magnet M.
Now piston P1 is at the top most edge of the cylinder and piston P2 is at the bottom most edge of the cylinder with the magnet M in such a position that it is having north pole facing downwards and south pole facing upwards. This position of magnet will apply the force of repulsion on piston P1 and force of attraction on piston P2. This will lead to the movement in the pistons and therefore rotation of crank shaft.
So, in this way the cycle will go on and will have perpetual amount of mechanical energy without
using any sort of fuel.
Name of the School: Colonel’s Central Academy, Urban Estate, Gurgaon.
