Stendhal
Stendhal, pseudonym of Marie-Henri Beyle (1783-1842). French novelist. He served as an officer in the Napoleonic campaigns from 1800 until Napoleon’s abdication in 1814, when he retired to Milan to write. Suspected of espionage, he was forced to return to Paris in 1821 and worked as a journalist. From 1830 he was consul-general at Civitavecchia in Italy, where he wrote his two major works, The Red and the Black (1830) and The Charterhouse of Parma (1839). Standhal died after collapsing in the street in Paris.
