Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Russell, (1872-1970). British philosopher. His earlier works on logic and mathematics include Principia Mathematica (1910-13). Russell also wrote widely and controversially on political, moral, and religious topics. During World War I he was dismissed from his lectureship at Cambridge and imprisoned for his pacifist writings. His later works include a popular History of Western Philosophy (1945). He inherited the title Earl Russell in 1931 and was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1950; in 1949 he was awarded the OM. In later years Russell was active in peace organizations, including the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament; in 1961 he was arrested for civil disobedience at the age of 89. His Autobiography appeared in two volumes (1967-69).
