Stephen Hawking
Stephen Hawking, (1942- ). British theoretical physicist. Since graduating from Oxford University in the mid 1960s he has held a variety of posts at Cambridge, including Lucasian professor of mathematics (from 1979). He has worked mainly in the field of general relativity and the theory of black holes. In 1974 he demonstrated that black holes – celestial bodies that have undergone total gravitational collapse -emit particles. Hawking has for many years suffered from a progressive nervous disease that has confined him to a wheelchair and necessitated the use of a speech synthesizer. His publications include A Brief History of Time (1988), which became a worldwide best-seller, and Black Holes and Baby Universes (1993). Haydn, (Franz) Josef (1732-1809). Austrian composer. The son of a poor wheelwright, he became a choirboy
At St Stephen’s cathedral , Vienna, and later worked as a music teacher and a he ac accompanist. In 1776 he became director of music to the Hungarian Prince Esterhazy, at whose court he composed some of his 104 symphonies, including the Farewell (1772) and the Paris set (1786). After the prince’s death (1790), Haydn made two visits to London (1791-98; 1794-95), where he wrote the 12 several piano sonatas. After his return to Vienna, Haydn composed masses and oratorios, such as The Creation (1798) and The Seasons (1801)
