Where did the first windmill appear?
The first windmill appeared in Persia (now called Iran) about A.D. 700. However they only became common in Northern Europe in the 1100s. they were fitted with sails that turned a heavy stone quickly. This ground grain into flour.
A few hundred years later, windmills were also being used to pump water. In Holland, they helped to drain marshy ground, so it could be used for farming.