Iso-Enzymes
Iso-enzymes are physically distinct forms of the same enzyme activity. Higher organisms have several physically distinct versions of a given enzyme, each of which catalyzes the same reaction. Isozymes arise through gene duplication and
exhibit differences in properties such as sensitivity to particular regulatory factors or substrate affinity that adapts them to specific tissues or circumstances. Some isozymes enhance survival by providing a “backup” copy of an essential
enzyme. Isozymes are expressed only in specific cell types. The expression of isozymes in specific cells occurs during certain periods of development, or in response to specific physiologic or pathophysiologic changes. Thus analysis of the presence and distribution of enzymes and isozymes are often useful in diagnosis. Isoforms of Lactate dehydrogenase is useful in diagnosis of myocardial infarction. While study of alkaline phosphatase isoforms are helpful in diagnosis of various bone disorder and obstructive liver diseases.
Intext Quections
1. Physically distinct forms of the same enzyme are called as …………….
2. Isozymes arise through ……………. duplication.
3. Isoforms of ……………. is useful in diagnosis of myocardial infarction.
4. Alkaline phosphatase isoforms are helpful in diagnosis of various …………….disorder.
